How the Peak Oil story could be «close,» but not quite right

Our Finite World

A few years ago, especially in the 2005-2008 period, many people were concerned that the oil supply would run out. They were concerned about high oil prices and a possible need for rationing. The story was often called «Peak Oil.» Peak Oil theorists have also branched out into providing calculations that might be used to determine which substitutes for fossil fuels seem to have the most promise. What is right about the Peak Oil story, and what is misleading or wrong? Let’s look at a few of the pieces.

[1] What Is the Role of Energy in the Economy?

The real story is that the operation of the economy depends on the supply of  affordable energy. Without this energy supply, we could not make goods and services of any kind. The world’s GDP would be zero. Everything we have, from the food on our dinner table, to the…

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2019: World Economy Is Reaching Growth Limits; Expect Low Oil Prices, Financial Turbulence

2019: World Economy Is Reaching Growth Limits; Expect Low Oil Prices, Financial Turbulence

Como siempre, Gail Tverberg hace un análisis excelente de la economía mundial y de los grandes retos que se aproximan. Lectura que vale mucho la pena.

Our Finite World

Financial markets have been behaving in a very turbulent manner in the last couple of months. The issue, as I see it, is that the world economy is gradually changing from a growth mode to a mode of shrinkage. This is something like a ship changing course, from going in one direction to going in reverse. The system acts as if the brakes are being very forcefully applied, and reaction of the economy is to almost shake.

What seems to be happening is that the world economy is reaching Limits to Growth, as predicted in the computer simulations modeled in the 1972 book, The Limits to Growth. In fact, the base model of that set of simulations indicated that peak industrial output per capita might be reached right about now. Peak food per capita might be reached about the same time. I have added a dotted line to the forecast…

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Low Oil Prices: An Indication of Major Problems Ahead?

Our Finite World

Many people, including most Peak Oilers, expect that oil prices will rise endlessly. They expect rising oil prices because, over time, companies find it necessary to access more difficult-to-extract oil. Accessing such oil tends to be increasingly expensive because it tends to require the use of greater quantities of resources and more advanced technology. This issue is sometimes referred to as diminishing returns. Figure 1 shows how oil prices might be expected to rise, if the higher costs encountered as a result of diminishing returns can be fully recovered from the ultimate customers of this oil.

Figure 1. Chart showing expected long-term rise in oil prices as the full cost of oil production becomes increasingly expensive due to diminishing returns.

In my view, this analysis suggesting ever-rising prices is incomplete. After a point, prices can’t really keep up with rising costs because the wages of many workers lag behind…

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Our Latest Oil Predicament

«Según mis expectativas, la dirección de los precios del petróleo seguirá siendo a la baja, especialmente si las tasas de interés siguen subiendo»- Gail Tverberg

Our Finite World

It is impossible to tell the whole oil story, but perhaps I can offer a few insights regarding where we are today.

[1] We already seem to be back to the falling oil prices and refilling storage tanks scenario.

US crude oil stocks hit their low point on January 19, 2018 and have started to rise again. The amount of crude oil fill has averaged about 365,000 barrels per day since then. At the same time, prices of both Brent and WTI oil have fallen from their high points.

Figure 1. Average weekly spot Brent oil prices from EIA website, with circle pointing to recent downtick in prices.

Many people believe that the oil problem, when it hits, will be running out of oil. People with such a belief interpret a glut of oil to mean that we are still very far from any limit.

[2] An alternative story to

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¿Qué es la inflación?

¿Qué es la inflación?

Alguna vez has estado pagando en una tienda y te viene a la mente un recuerdo de tu infancia de que con los $10 pesos que ahora pagas un refresco de lata, antes podías comprarte unas papas fritas, el refresco y un dulce, incluso si eres más viejo que yo, podías comprar más cosas con esa misma cantidad.

Tal vez también te ha pasado, que, aunque sigas ganando lo mismo, cada vez tienes que ser más cuidadoso con las finanzas personales porque ya no te sobra tanto al final de la quincena, o peor aún, ya llegas en ceros.

Pues mucho de esto se debe a la inflación, un término muy utilizado hoy en día, pero que siento que, al no darle un significado a esa palabra, no nos damos cuenta del impacto que tiene día con día. También lo vemos con mucha naturalidad, pero en realidad no debería de existir de forma constante en nuestra economía, de hecho, existe por una manipulación de la cantidad de dinero existente por parte del gobierno, que actúan como los niños que quieren robar 2 dólares de la bolsa de mamá para que no se dé cuenta, hasta que son descubiertos o roban todo lo que había en la bolsa.

Para entrar en la definición es necesario explicar que anteriormente la cantidad de dinero circulante estaba respaldada en oro y plata, y lo que se manejaba no eran sólo billetes, sino pagarés que podían ser intercambiados por monedas de oro o plata. Por lo tanto, si un banco hacía demasiados billetes tenía el riesgo de caer en banca rota, agotando sus reservas y defraudando a sus clientes.

Lamentablemente el día de hoy, el dinero ya no está respaldado por nada más que una promesa de pago por parte de los gobiernos, es lo que conocemos como dinero “fiat”. Esto es lo que le da la facultad a los gobiernos de imprimir todo el dinero que ellos quieran ya que la posibilidad de quedarse sin reservas no existe, sólo tienen que hacer más y pueden pagar lo que deben.

Kiyosaki menciona que es como estar jugando monopoly y que a cada jugador le den el doble de dinero, en realidad nadie tiene más capacidad de compra porque todos tienen el doble de dinero, simplemente el valor de su dinero se redujo a la mitad.

En pocas palabras es una retransmisión de riqueza, ya que cada que el gobierno imprime 1 peso en realidad está tomando el valor de ese 1 de todos los demás que están en existencia y sin hacer nada para obtenerla, por eso tu dinero cada vez vale menos y por eso tu poder de compra cae si sigues ganado lo mismo.

Como definición es un aumento al suministro de dinero de un país. Esto hará que circule una cantidad mayor de dinero, pero eventualmente hace que la moneda se deprecie y los precios aumenten. Muchas veces la gente se enoja con los proveedores de bienes y servicios por subir los precios, pero el mal proviene de los gobiernos que cada día imprimen más y más billetes. En realidad, no es que los precios suban, sino que el valor de la moneda cae.

Pero la cantidad de dinero circulante no nos da inflación por sí sola, el segundo factor es la velocidad del dinero. La velocidad del dinero es el tiempo que tarda en circular el dinero de una mano a otra, por eso los gobiernos pueden seguir creando dinero sin crear inflación “Aparentemente”.

Para darnos cuenta de esto, sólo basta con ver la cantidad de billetes y monedas en circulación. (Gráfica 1)

grafica M1

Gráfica 1. Billetes y monedas en circulación (Millones de Pesos) Fuente: Banxico.

Obviamente este proceso no puede durar eternamente, ya que siempre llega un momento en el que entra en acción el segundo factor que genera la inflación, la velocidad del dinero, debido a que la gente comienza a perder la confianza en la moneda y trata de deshacerse de ella por distintos medios:

  • Cambiarla por otra divisa
  • Comprar oro y plata.
  • Comprar cosas lo más pronto posible para evitar que pierda valor su dinero.

 

Una vez que eso pase, es casi imposible detener el declive de la moneda por lo que la inflación llega a niveles altísimos como lo que está pasando en Venezuela.

Por eso es importante no dejar todo tu dinero en una sola moneda, confiando 100% en un país, sino protegerse ahorrando en otras divisas o mejor aún, en la protección que ofrecen el oro y la plata.

Javier de León

 

The Economy Is Like a Circus

La Economía es como un circo

Our Finite World

The economy is like a circus. It comes to town, and eventually it leaves town. We get paid in tickets to this circus. As long as the circus stays in town, we can use our tickets. Once the circus leaves town, we are pretty much out of luck.1

The reason the circus stays in town is because the economy stays in sufficient balance that the economy can go on. This is much like the way many other self-organized systems function. For example, our bodies continue to function as long as there are suitable balances in many different areas (oxygen, food, water, air pressure). Ecosystems continue to function as long as there is sufficient rain, adequate temperatures, and enough sunlight.

There are many different views as to what limits we reach in a finite world. Some people think we will «run out» of oil, or of energy products. Some think…

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The «Wind and Solar Will Save Us» Delusion

Muy interesante, Nos da una idea de la crisis energética que se avecina.

Our Finite World

The «Wind and Solar Will Save Us» story is based on a long list of misunderstandings and apples to oranges comparisons. Somehow, people seem to believe that our economy of 7.5 billion people can get along with a very short list of energy supplies. This short list will not include fossil fuels. Some would exclude nuclear, as well. Without these energy types, we find ourselves with a short list of types of energy — what BP calls Hydroelectric, Geobiomass (geothermal, wood, wood waste, and other miscellaneous types; also liquid fuels from plants), Wind, and Solar.

Unfortunately, a transition to such a short list of fuels can’t really work. These are a few of the problems we encounter:

[1] Wind and solar are making extremely slow progress in helping the world move away from fossil fuel dependence.

In 2015, fossil fuels accounted for 86% of the world’s energy consumption, and nuclear…

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2017: The Year When the World Economy Starts Coming Apart

2017: The Year When the World Economy Starts Coming Apart

Excelente articulo, Muy triste ver la realidad que nos espera, pero es mejor estar preparados.

Our Finite World

Some people would argue that 2016 was the year that the world economy started to come apart, with the passage of Brexit and the election of Donald Trump. Whether or not the «coming apart» process started in 2016, in my opinion we are going to see many more steps in this direction in 2017. Let me explain a few of the things I see.

[1] Many economies have collapsed in the past. The world economy is very close to the turning point where collapse starts in earnest.  

Figure 1 Figure 1

The history of previous civilizations rising and eventually collapsing is well documented.(See, for example, Secular Cycles.)

To start a new cycle, a group of people would find a new way of doing things that allowed more food and energy production (for instance, they might add irrigation, or cut down trees for more land for agriculture). For a while, the…

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The 100th Anniversary of the Income Tax…and the Lesson We Should Learn from that Mistake

International Liberty

What’s the worst thing about Delaware?

No, not Joe Biden. He’s just a harmless clown and the butt of some good jokes.

Instead, the so-called First State is actually the Worst State because 100 years ago, on this very day, Delaware made the personal income tax possible by ratifying the 16th Amendment.

Though, to be fair, I suppose the 35 states that already had ratified the Amendment were more despicable since they were even more anxious to enable this noxious levy (and Alabama was first in line, which is a further sign that Georgia deserved to win the Southeastern Conference Championship Game, but I digress).

Let’s not get bogged down in details. The purpose of this post is not to re-hash history, but to instead ask what lessons we can learn from the adoption of the income tax.

The most obvious lesson is that politicians can’t be trusted…

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